The origin of sweet carbonated drinks. Who came up with a gas production? Harmful is Hazing
And the creator of artificial carbonated water is Joseph Priestley (1733-1804).
He was born in the English town of Phyldhead County Yorkshire in the family of weaver. At the end of the Spiritual Academy became a priest. Knowledge of nine foreign languages \u200b\u200b(French, Italian, German, Latin, the Ancient Greek, Hebrew, Arab, Syrian and Chaldean) gave the opportunity to study the works of modern and ancient scientists during their studies and become a highly educated person. In history, this British priest, a philosopher materialist, the naturalist and public figure entered as an outstanding chemist. It was he who first received chloride of hydrogen, ammonia and nitrogen nitrogen (so-called. Funny gas - the first anesthetic applied in surgical practice). In 1774, almost simultaneously with Swedish Chemist Karl Wilhelm Scheel, he opened oxygen, and soon he was in pure form of silicon, sulfur gas and carbon monoxide.
Carbon dioxide was opened in 1754 by Scottish Joseph Blake, and it was added in more detail to study his properties and allocated in its pure form. So, in 1771, they were attracted that green plants in the light not only continue to live in a carbon dioxide atmosphere, but even make it suitable for breathing. Classic experience has been attracted with alive mice under the cap, where the air is "refreshing" to green branches, lies at the origins of the teachings about photosynthesis. Scientific merits D. Priestley were highly appreciated by many countries. He was elected Honorary Dr. Edinburgh University, as well as a member of the Royal Society of London and the Paris Academy of Sciences, an honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
The secret of the soda is attracted by chance: watching the work of the brewery, he became interested in bubbles that were distinguished when he was fermented. The scientist gathered this gas into water-filled containers, which posted over the boys with a cooking beer. Having tried the rich water, Joseph was struck by her with a pleasant rescue taste. After a couple of years, he designed a device that saturates with carbon dioxide gas, and called him by Saturo (from Lat. Saturo - satisfy, fill), and in 1776 it made the first bottle of carbonated water. Invented, fastened drinks began to find more and more admirers. They were distinguished by the pleasant taste of refreshing properties and the so-called sparkling (intense separation of gas bubbles), as well as storage resistance (due to the preservative action of carbon dioxide). The merit of Joseph was attracted that he developed a method forced saturation of beverages with carbon dioxide, and it could change the gas present in the water and regulate its content in it. And before him, only natural mineral waters were known or drinks with carbon dioxide, released during fermentation (natural saturation): beer, bread kvass, Cider, sparkling wine, bottle champagne.
The German Johann-Jacob SCBEP became the follower. He dreamed of creating a non-alcoholic champagne with his youth - with bubbles, but without alcohol, and it went about twenty years old. In 1783, SCWEP invented an industrial installation for the production of gashed water and laid the beginning of the non-alcoholic beverage industry. Patientating its water as a medical agent, he began selling it in Switzerland. At the same time, a new drink, like mineral water, was distributed exclusively through pharmacies. In 1790, SCWEP with partners founded in Geneva a pharmacy for the production of soda. But realizing that in England, the demand for his products will be much higher (as the British have always been distinguished by the Brendy Pestrays), moved there along with production and founded the company who is prosperous. The firm's affairs were so good that Schweppes drink in British India was even used in the treatment of malaria, and in 1831 J. Schweppes & Co supplier became a supplier of carbonated drinks by the Royal Yard of Great Britain.
In 1784 from lemon juice It was first allocated lemon acidAnd in 1833 the first carbonated lemonades appeared in England. The young immigrant from England John Matthews, who received the nickname of the king of a machine gun with soda, in 1832 designed a simple and effective saturator and developed carbon dioxide technology. And after that, the carbonated water began its triumphal march on the planet. The legislators of this fashion most often became pharmacists and pharmacists: seeking to improve medical properties Mineral waters and artificial sodes, they added components from lemon or ginger, birch crust, dandelion, Coki. On May 8, 1886 in Atlanta (USA) for the first time was sold "Tonic, delivering from headache and soothing nerves" - "Coca-Cola", the volume of sales of which at the beginning of the XXI century. amounted to almost 100 million liters in more than two hundred countries! In 1887, in Tiflis, the pharmacist Mitrofan Lagidze began to produce a gas production with an admixture of natural syrups (cherry, pear, lemon), etragona extract ("Tarkhun" appeared). In the USSR, the industrial output of sweet soda began in the 1920s - "Diushes", "cream soda", "Troy", then "Limonad", "Baikal", "Sayan", "Buratino". For many, they became symbols of childhood.
By the beginning of the 1940s, the Americans were not addicted to the carbonated drinks, so they industrial production worked non-stop. At the front, American soldiers could have interruptions with cartridges and bandages, but they always delivered "Cola" on time (it was mandatory in a soldier's diet). Today, every American in a year drinks about 200 liters of soda. It was no less popular in the USSR: on the streets there were automata with carbonated water (1 kopeck for a glass of water without syrup and 3 - with syrup), worked stations to refueling the gas production of rechargeable siphones. Today there are three types of soda - weathered (the fraction of carbon dioxide from 0.2 to 0.3%), the middle-planted (0.3-0.4%), the strongly hydroacked (more than 0.4%) - and it is most often sold in plastic Bottles of different capacities.
The human body on average 60% consists of water. To maintain the water balance, we daily use liquids: coffee, tea, beer, juices, gas production. The basis of any drink is the water you need the necessary, but in addition to it there are other substances, the impact of which on the human body can be different, depending on the regularity and volume of drinking. As for the popular soda, the small amount of its adult healthy person will not hurt. However, the frequent use of large quantities of carbonated water may adversely affect health.
First, because in many such beverages contained sugar or its substitute (saccharin, aspartame, cyclomate, potassium acelifat). Thus, in the peps-cola jar with a capacity of 0.33 liters, 8 pieces of sugar were dissolved, and Coca-Cola - 6.5. Therefore, excessive fascination with sweet carbonated water can lead to obesity and diabetes, increasing the blood pressure and destruction of the teeth. Yes, and get drunk quite difficult: gas bubbles, irritating the mucous membrane and larynx, contribute to the new attacks thirst, and sugar and sweeteners contained in drinks leave a sweet aftertaste that does not contribute to quenching thirst.
Secondly, acids are often added to the carbonated drinks: lemon, apple, less often - orthophosphorus. And orthophosphoric acid causes flushing from the calcium bones, because of which the bones become fragile and brittle. The contents of certain carbonated beverages eating even the body of aluminum cans - what to talk about less persistent human organs! Do not forget about all sorts of dyes, flavors and preservatives.
And finally, the obligatory component of any soda is carbon dioxide. By itself, it is harmless, but its presence in water excites gastric secretion, increases the acidity of the gastric juice and provokes abundant separation of gases. Therefore, people with the diseases of the gastrointestinal tract before using any carbonated water, it is better to maximize gas from it.
By the way
Why bubbles of gas are not visible in a sealed bottle, and when it opens it in all directions beat the fountain? The fact is that the contents of the bottle are under pressure, and when the bottle is scolding, the pressure drops sharply to atmospheric. And since with a decrease in pressure and increasing temperature, the solubility of the gas decreases, then the excess of carbon dioxide dissolved in water is intensively allocated. Contribute to the release of gas heating and mechanical effects on water, for example, shaking the bottle or mixing the water in the glass.
Modern massive food culture is impossible to imagine without non-alcoholic soft drinks, such as lemonade, "Coki" or "Pepsi". In the US, such types of drinks are called "Soft Drink". ABOUT healing properties Mineral water with Gas knew four thousand years ago in ancient Greece and ancient Rome. Healthcitel Hippocrates in his treatise "On air, waters and localities" wrote about how patients were treated in the killes with temples. Greek priests strictly guarded their secrets, protecting the healing force of mineral water.
The opening of the solder of the carbonated water was as unexpected as the majority of great discoveries. English scientist Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) who lived next door with a small brewery, became interested in the gas bubbles allocate beer in fermentation. He, not curving, hoisted two containers with water over cooking beer. After some time, the water was saturated with beer carbon dioxide. Having tried the resulting fluid, they were attracted by its unexpectedly enjoyable sharp taste and in 1767 he helped the first bottle of carbonated water.
In 1772, for the opening of the soda, it was adopted to the French Academy of Sciences, and in 1773. - got the Royal Society Medal. Joseph Priestley (Joseph Priestley, 1733-1804) - English priest, chemist, philosopher, public figure, was born in Phyldhead, near the town of Lyds (County Yorkshire, England) March 13, 1733 He was the eldest of six children in the family of Jonas's bicker Prondulges. From 1742 he was brought up by Sarah Kigley, aunt from the motherboard.
Priestley studied at Batley's school, where Latin and Greek studied inhibitly. After a small interruption in training related to the disease, Priestli decided to devote his life to the ministry of the church. By this time, he has already succeeded in the study of other languages \u200b\u200band knew French, German, Italian, Arabic and even Chaldean. Priestley first received hydrogen chloride, ammonia, silicon fluoride, sulfur gas. He also opened the possibilities of using rubber as an eraser to remove pencil inscriptions.
In 1770, Swedish Chemist Torbern Ulaf Bergman (1735-1784) designed the device with which it was possible to produce gas production in large quantities. This device received the name of the saturator. Further development was produced by Johann Jacob SCWEPP, who kept the jewelry shop in Geneva. He dreamed of creating non-alcoholic champagne with his youth - with bubbles, but without alcohol. 20 years of experiments were crowned with success and in 1783 he traveled an industrial installation for the production of carbonated water. SCWEP first sold his drink in Switzerland, but soon decided that in England the demand for him will be higher, and in 1790 he moved there. The British were famous for their predilection to Brandy, and SCWEP expects to fill the brandy diluents with its products.
The SCWEPP opened the company in England until now and began to sell gas production in glass bottles with a relief logo. In the 1930s, J. Schweppe & CO began producing carbonated lemonade and other fruit waters. At that time, the soda was considered inexpensive to the healing mineral waters, Gazirovka was sold in pharmacies, not in ordinary stores. Its further distribution was provided by chemists: in 1784 citric acid (from lemon juice) was first isolated. In 1833, the first carbonated lemonades appeared in England (the name of Lemonade drink - just and comes from the word lemon - lemon).
In 1871, a landmark event occurred - for the first time in the United States (and in the world) was registered trademark non-alcoholic beverage - He was called "Stunning carbonated lemon ginger El" - Lemon "S Superior Sparkling Ginger Ale.
In the future, the process of the invention of new flavors and beverages has acquired avalanche-like character. Fashion legislators usually became pharmacists and pharmacists. In 1875, American Pharmacist Charles Hyrs met the drink made by hand from the roots of some plants - ten years later, Hires began to sell bottled non-alcoholic "root beer" (the taste is like a tincture of the altetic root).
In 1886, for the first time, existing - Coca-Cola and Dr. were first issued. Pepper. Initially, Coca-Cola was made from the tincture of Koki and Nuts of Cola, Pharmacist John Pemberton came up with a recipe for a syrup designed to treat headaches and colds and guessed to dilute it with gashed water. The authors of numerous books dedicated to the history of the most popular millennium soda, constantly lead a fun fact: in the first year, due to the sale of "Coca", managed to rescue $ 25, while $ 75 was spent on advertising a new drink.
Dr. Pepper was also a fruit of pharmacist fantasy (his name was Wade Morrison \\ Wade Morrison) and Chemist (Robert Lazenby \\ robert Lazenby). Dr. Pepper, created on the basis of a cherry syrup, first produced in a pharmacy (in the city of Wako, Texas), selling it under the slogan "King of drinks without caffeine" \\ king of beverages, free from caffeine "(caffeine was later added). By legend, The name Dr. Pepper - "Dr. Pepper" occurred on behalf of a military doctor who once banned enterprising Morrison to marry his daughter. In 1898, Pepsi-Cola appeared (for some versions, initially a cure for intestinal disorders), which was invented by a pharmacist Caleb Bradham \\ Caleb Bradham, mixed extract from cola, vanillin and aromatic oils. At the beginning of the 20th century, other drinks appeared, which still stand on the shelves of American stores, in particular - Royal-Crown Cola and Canada Dry Ginger Ale. In 1906, the first general American lemonade advertising campaign was held - Clicquot Club Ginger Ale, called in honor of the famous champagne brand "Widow Kliko".
The success of the gas foundation was dependent on political factors. After the beginning of the First World War, the industry turned out to be paralyzed - the reason was the shortage of sugar. The manufacturers were in serious condition, because the US government recognized their goods not important to ensure healthy nutrition Americans. It is curious that the same decision of the US authority was accepted during the Second World War, but by this time the Americans were addicted to this kind of drinking, so in the diet of American soldiers included carbonated drinks. American soldiers at the front could have problems with cartridges and bandages, but they always delivered laid bottles with "Kokka" on time.
In 1929, the Unprecedented Economic Crisis "Great Depression" began in the United States, which destroyed many small companies specializing in the production of this kind of goods. However, the largest players survived. In the same 1929, Lithiated Lemon lemonade was invented, which is now known under the 7UP brand. After the end of the "dry law", its manufacturers began to advertise lemonade as a wonderful means to create alcoholic cocktails - Thanks to this, this 7up experienced the most difficult years. In the future, inventors were included in the case: they have improved the process of mixing syrup and carbonated water (the first, in 1922, it made Coca-Cola), established control over product quality (before this drinks sold under one brand, but produced in different cities, There were often different tastes), and also created branded packaging (bottles).
The 1950s became the beginning of a new era - the appearance of "healthy" drinks. At first, the calorie and unacceptable for certain categories of patients, the sugar began to replace with artificial sweeteners. In 1952, the small New York company Kirsch Beverages released the first lemonade designed for diabetics - No-Cal Ginger Ale (Sakharin has replaced sugar in it). In 1962, Diet-Rite Cola was started throughout the United States (manufacturer of Royal Crown Company), which was sweetened by cyclamatics. In 1963, Coca-Cola Tab appeared, and in 1965 - Diet Pepsi. Big chemistry has made a significant contribution to this business. In the 1980s, manufacturers began to use aspartame masses (produced under the Nutra-Sweet brand), and in the late 1990s - Sukrallose (sold under the Splenda brand). At the beginning of the third millennium, mod lawmakers in this area are Coca-Cola Co and PepsiCo, as well as their numerous competitors - launched low-calorie sodes. In many ways, this step was explained by the enormous popularity of the Atkins diet, the essence of which is in the abandonment of carbohydrates.
In 1960, a new class of beverages appeared - "Sports". The pioneer became Gatorade, the recipe of which was developed by the University of Florida \\ University of Florida by order of the coaches of the university football team, which was called Gator. This and such drinks did not contain gas, in return they were saturated with vitamins and other substances, which are supposed to help athletes thorough thirst and improving the results of 1980s appeared drinks that do not contain caffeine. It was originally done in order to attract certain US population groups, which for various reasons could not apply traditional caffery-containing lemonades - for example, children, hypertensive or adepts of certain religious cults at the same time, drinks with high caffeine content - their creators were calculated to attract students, businessmen and All people who urgently needed to cheer up (it is known that in a cup of coffee, there is twice as much caffeine than in the usual non-alcoholic drink - new versions of lemonade, in particular, Jolt Cola destroyed this advantage of coffee). In the 1990s, a logical continuation appeared - energy drinks"(Pioneer became Red Bull), which contained horse doses of caffeine and other invigorating substances and were intended for visitors to discos and athletes.
In the 1990s, another tendency has emerged in the United States: consumers have been paying more attention to focus on their juices and drinks on their basis (here the first steel Nantucket Nectars produced by the company of the same name), as well as more "natural" drinks based on tea, coffee, vegetable tea Juices and natural stimulants. Nevertheless, according to the American Association of Drink Manufacturers \\ American Beverage Association, despite the abundance of available tastes and recipes, the most popular in the United States remains traditional soda, which accounts for more than 73% of the total sales in second place - non-carbonated sweet drinks ( 13.7%), on the third - bottled water (13.2%). Now only in the United States, such drinks produce several hundred companies in which more than 200 thousand people work. According to the consulting firm American Economics Group, the non-alcoholic industry provides more than 3 million people work, the volume of this market reaches $ 278 billion a year.
According to the network.
The history of the consumption of carbonated waters in Russia has not one century. The soda managed to be in favor of the aristocrats, a folk drink and even a geopolitics weapon, our answer to Cola.
Where did lemonade come from?
Like many great inventions, carbonated water was invented by mistake. According to the legend, the first gas composition in history was made by the Vinolrelpius of the King Louis I. When the monarch asked the wine, the vinnorrpecies mixed up the kegs and juice. I noticed a mistake and added mineral water into juice. I liked the king drink. Allegedly, "Royal Limonad" appeared.
But it is a legend. In fact, it is also known that in the XVII century in France, Limonade called a mixture of lemon juice with mineral water. Not everyone could afford such a drink, therefore, the consumption of lemonade was considered to be blazing aristocracy. Drink lemonade and in Italy. There he insisted on various herbs.
Thus, the world history of lemonade began with the mixing of lemon juice with mineral water. Only in 1767, the English scientist Joseph was attracted by Saturizer, with which it became possible to saturate the water with bubbles of carbon dioxide.
The first carbonated drinks appeared already at the beginning of the XIX century, and in 1871 the first lemonade was patented in the United States. With a firm name: "High-quality lemon carbonated ginger ale" Just this pop loved to drink Lolita in the popular novel Nabokov.
Petrovsky innovation
The appearance of lemonade in Russia is associated with Peter I. Recipe, and most importantly, the fashion for the consumption of lemonade he brought from Europe. The diplomat of Petrovsky time Peter Tolstoy wrote that abroad "more use in drinking lemonads ...". A new drink in Russia fell in love with immediately, and the emperor commanded "on the Assemblies lemonade to drink." Picking up a fashion trend, a cool drink began to cook in noble and merchant families, although he was not cheap and stored just a week.
Lemonade in art
By the beginning of the XIX century, lemonade in Russia drank not only in the assemblies and not only aristocrats. True, it was usually not a carbonated lemonade, rather, lemon water. It was still expensive to mix it with mineral water. Lemonade drank Herman in the Pushkin "peak lady" and Arbenin in the Lermontov "Masquerade", the Dunya in the "Stationery Country" squeezed the Father's Father's "Her of Preplanted Lemonade". In the Chekhovsky story "Friction of the minds" Akim Danilych in a grocery shop drinking lemonade with brandy.
Hazing
In Russia, the history of lemonade received its unique development. In 1887, Tiflis pharmacist Mitrofan Lagidze came up with mixing carbonated water no longer with lemon juice, but with Caucasian Estragon extract, more known as Tarkhun. At pre-revolutionary international exhibitions fragrant drink Lagidze has repeatedly received gold medals. Mitrofan Lagidze was a supplier of the imperial courtyard and Iranian Shah.
We enjoyed the popularity of "Water Lagidze" and in Soviet times. From the Tbilisi Plant twice a week, on Mondays and Wednesdays, the parties of the Lemonade for the first persons of the state were sent to Moscow. It is known that Khrushchev loved pear and orange drinks, Brezhnev - Pear and Tarkhunov, Kalinin - Orange, Anastas Mikoyan - Pear and Lemon.
"Water Lagidze" participated in geopolitics. Tbilisi lemonades stood on the tables of the participants of the Yalta conference, several thousand bottles of "cream soda" Franklin Roosevelt took with him in the USA, and Churchill mentioned Yalta lemonade in his memoirs.
When the other US President - Harry Truman - sent 1000 bottles of Coca-Cola as a gift in 1952, then in response, he received a whole batch of various lemonade Lagidze, including such exotic views, such as chocolate and creamy.
Machines
On April 16, 1937, the first apparatus with carbonated water was installed in the dining room. This can be considered a real historical event. Further more. The machines began to appear in Moscow, and then throughout the union. Just carbonated water cost one penny, carbonated water with syrup was sold for three kopecks. The cups were reusable, they simply rinsed the jet of water, which was far from the current hygienic standards.
Siphons
Those who "come from the USSR" remember that earlier in every house there was a siphon - such a semi-infantastic unit with replaced canopy with carbon dioxide. With a siphon, it was necessary to be able to handle, and with the cans - save safety equipment: If the siphon was improper, the siphon began to be frighteningly. Siphon can also be used to charge pneumatic weapons, but this does not apply to the topic of the article.
Lemonads today
Today, lemonades are already called, not those. About the dangers of excessive consumption of carbonated drinks did not say only lazy, and if this drink is still made with the addition of dyes, stabilizers and contains a horse dose of sugar, then a completely dangerous lemonade is obtained. Natural lemonade can be found rarely, and he is stored just a week.
Well, finally, one funny story from how Khrushchev did not reveal with the gun for the sale of soda. Here is how it was. During the trip to the United States of the Soviet leader, they introduced a new miracle of technology with a machine gun. The unit was not easy: selling gas production to customers, he poured orange syrup, and women - cherry. The impendingness of such a thought was buried in a primitive photocell, which was equipped with a machine. Woman in the skirt light blocked more than a man in pants. During the tests, unlucky Nikita Sergeevich received a glass of a glass with a cherry gas. It turned out that the photocell reacted into broad pants who loved to wear Khrushchev so much.
Isual mineral water
The production of the very first non-alcoholic beverages, called so unlike alcoholic, developed by two main ways: either by the water supply method, which for the first time An Englishman William Braungrig was taken in 1741, or by mixing flavored with water-saturated hydrogen syrups. The last method was first tested in America at the beginning of the XIX century.
Brownrigg Gilia (England) got the very first artificial mineral water in 1741, but, despite its achievement and a small production of water, deployed by Thomas Henry (England) in the 70s. The XVIII century, usually the founder of the non-alcoholic beverage industry is considered to be the Jeweler of the German-Swiss origin of Jacob Sheveppa (SWEVPU), who first began to large-scale commercial production of carbonated water in 1783
1807 year - year birth soda
An important step towards the development of non-alcoholic beverages in the form, in which they are known to us today, Made the Townsend Spekman (USA), which in 1807 released the first carbonated drink with aroma and taste.
Throughout the XIX century. American pharmacists tried to strengthen the natural healing properties of mineral waters, adding various ingredients in them - including Beresto, dandelions, ginger, sarzaparel, lemon, coca leaves and cola nuts. The most famous of these on-pitkov became the "Coca-Cola", which was invented by Pharmacist, Dr. John Stegte Pemberton. This drink was first sold on May 8, 1886 in the "Pharmacy Jacob" in Georgia, USA. Cola is the name of African evergreen plants and their fruits, which are used in medicine and for the aromatization of non-alcoholic beverages.
Storage Gazing
As a rule, carbonated drinks were sold in local diner pharmacies, pouring from the vehicles-siffones, but the number of buyers in the same market was limited, the real development of the non-alcoholic beverage industry began after they began to bottle.
The storage of carbonated drinks in bottles at first was a problem: more than 1,500 types of traffic jams and stoppers for bottle caps were patented before William Paneter (USA) made a real breakthrough - invented in 1891. Cronenpplets (metal cap for bottles). It made it possible to sell carbonated drinks in stores, from where buyers delivered them home.
Dmitry Demyanov, samogo.net (
non-alcoholic drink juice juice
There are things that seem to have always existed. We do not wonder about who invented a spoon, a glass, a plate; Who was the first guessed to cook porridge or soup, tear the apple from the branch or add salt into the food.
The healing properties of mineral waters with Gas have already known for four thousand years ago in ancient Greece and ancient Rome. The great scholar hippocrates in his treatise "about air, waters and localities" writes that patients were treated in the killes with temples. Greek priests strictly guarded their secrets, protecting the healing force of mineral water.
The carbonated drinks are already more than two hundred years. The Creator of Hazing is an English scientist Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) living next to the brewery and watching her work, became interested in what kind of bubbles allocate beer in fermentation. Then he licked two containers with water over cooking beer. After some time, water charged with beer carbon dioxide. Having tried the resulting fluid, the scientist was struck by her unexpectedly pleasant sharp taste and in 1767 he himself made the first bottle of carbonated water. Gazirov sold only in pharmacies.
In 1772, he was adopted for the opening of gas, and the French Academy of Sciences was adopted, and in 1773 he received a royal society medal.
Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) - English priest, chemist, philosopher, public figure, was born in Phyldhead, near the city of Leeds (Church of Yorkshire, England) on March 13, 1733, he was the eldest of six children in the family of Sobrichka Jonas attracted. From 1742 he was brought up by Sarah Kigley, aunt from the motherboard. Priestley studied at Batley's school, where Latin and Greek studied inhibitly. After a small interruption in training related to the disease, Priestli decided to devote his life to the ministry of the church. By this time, he has already succeeded in the study of other languages \u200b\u200band knew French, German, Italian, Arabic and even Chaldean.
It was attracted for the first time a chloride of hydrogen, ammonia, florous silicon, sulfur gas
Soon scientists found a way to get carbon dioxide more simple way - by connecting carbonates (ordinary chalk with acid). It came across the thought of another researcher - Swedes Torberry Bergman invent the device in 1770, in which carbon dioxide was quickly dissolved in water under pressure. The device was named Saturtor that in translation from Latin means "saturating". But Bergman, like his predecessor, did not find a practical application of its invention. After 13 years, the amateur chemist, the Geneva jeweler Jacob Schwepp, dreaming of creating a non-alcoholic champagne, improved the Saturtor. In 1783, he constructed the industrial apparatus and began the release of carbonated water. Despite the fact that in Switzerland, they almost did not pay attention to the new product, in England, the carbonated water has gained popularity: it was usually mixed with hot drinks.
Subsequently, the SCWEPP began to apply the usual food soda to reduce the production of gashed water, after which this water began to call "soda". The novelty quickly spread throughout the territory of England and in its colonies, which allowed the chemistry to establish Schwep & Co, which is still flourishing.
The SCVEP founded in England a thriving up to one company that began selling gas in glass vessels with a relief logo. In the 1930s, J. Schweppe & CO began producing carbonated lemonade and other fruit waters.
The production of non-alcoholic beverages originated at the end of the 18th century, when on sale (in France and England), water carbonated with carbon dioxide appeared. Then it was considered inexpensive to the imitation of healing mineral waters, and the gas was sold in pharmacies, not in ordinary stores. Further expansion was provided by Chemists: in 1784 citric acid (from lemon juice) was isolated for the first time. In 1833, the first carbonated lemonades appeared in England. The first carbonated drink called "Lemonade" appeared. From the word lemon.
John Riley, author of classical labor "Industry Organization Cool DrinksThe following is noted: In 1871, a landmark event occurred - for the first time in the United States (and in the world), a trademark of a non-alcoholic beverage was registered - it was called "Stunning carbonated lemon ginger el
In 1875, American Pharmacist Charles Hires met a drink that was handicraft from the roots of some plants - ten years later, Hires began to sell bottled non-alcoholic "root beer".
The new gashed water liked such a thing that firms engaged in its production began to produce water with impurities of berry and fruit natural juices, which significantly increased the cost of the product. A science has come to the rescue, which helped make a carbonated fruit water cheaper: lemon acid was isolated and in 1833 gas production with this acid additive was called lemonade
In Japan.
1876 \u200b\u200bA non-alcoholic carbonated drink was created by the Japanese Alexander Cameron Simom. The Japanese has their Japanese lemonade Ramun. Ramun something similar to classic lemonade. The design of bottles is distinguished by special extravagance. Their kind is changing with every party, as well as in a glass ball.
Inventor Hirem Codd created a bottle for Ramun. A glass ball is in a glass bottle neck, which creates a ringing when drinking. First, drink Ramun is difficult, because the ball lights up the neck. Practice is required. Creating a bottle is addressed to children who do not remember the name of the drink.
Today, the choice of non-alcoholic carbonated drinks is very wide. The most common in the world, of course, remains Pepsi and Coca-Cola. Despite this popularity of domestic drinks in our country, there is no foreign manufacturers.