For those who are at the table, the world around them. Why does our body need nutrition?

14.04.2020

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Slide captions:

Health lesson "Cheerful table etiquette"

the influence of various factors on our health Lifestyle (50–55%) State of the environment (20–25%) Heredity (20%) Health care (10%)

A person needs to eat, To get up and to sit down, To grow and somersault, Sing songs, make friends, laugh. In order to grow and develop And at the same time not to get sick, You need to eat right from a very young age.

Eating rules Eat a variety of foods. Less buns and sweets, and more vitamins. Don't eat a lot of fried, smoked, salty, spicy foods. It is harmful! Food should not be very hot or very cold! Eat at the same time. Be sure to have breakfast before school! You can't eat right before bed!

Protein is a building material for cells To grow, you must have protein in your food. It is in the egg, of course, there is, In the cottage cheese it can not be counted. In milk and meat, too, He is there and will help you.

Proteins Fats Carbohydrates Vitamins Chicken Milk Eggs Cheese Meat Fish Cottage Cheese vegetable oil butter cake sour cream bread potatoes noodles carrots apple hercules orange buckwheat rose hips pineapple cabbage oranges tomatoes (vegetables, fruits, berries)

Fruits, vegetables and cereals - An amazing group - We are supplied with carbohydrates in warmth and bad weather, We are sent fiber, Vitamins are added AND energized.

The fat that we eat in food is very necessary for us: it will keep the temperature, will affect the figure, will protect from the cold, we are ready to serve as a fur coat

One says "White". The other says, "Red." The third says, "Black." All three are right. What are they talking about? Dried up in the hot sun And bursting out of the pods ... Dried up in the hot sun And bursting out of the pods ... Tatyanka flaunts in the forest clearing - Scarlet sundress, White specks I was born wonderfully, White head, curly. Who loves cabbage soup, look for me. They dragged the Fox out of the mink by the curly tuft. To the touch - very smooth, Tastes - like sugar, sweet. Green branches grow on the garden bed, And on them are red children.

Little red nesting doll, Little white heart. Red mouse with a white tail In a mink sits under a green leaf. Little, bitter, onion brother. Was green, small, Then I became scarlet. I turned black in the sun - And now I am ripe. In the summer - in the garden, fresh, green, And in the winter - in a barrel, strong, salty. Throw a baby flea into the ground, She will lie down a little, And look - a root vegetable samovarch is already growing. What was dug from the ground, fried, boiled? What have we baked in the ashes, ate and praised? The golden head is great, heavy. The golden head lay down to rest. The head is great, only the neck is thin

Physical education-minute

Health food

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Completed by the teacher of the MOU "Secondary School No. 40", Saratov Trofimova Natalia Viktorovna

They call to the table! At a beautiful table and you have to sit beautifully. Straight, not too close to the table or too far from it, leaning slightly while eating. Don't hang over your plate. Don't be lounging on the chair. Don't put your elbows on the table - this is ugly and can disturb your neighbors. Unfold the napkin and put it on your knees. (Hands and mouth can be wiped with paper towels).

They call to the table! Behave so as not to spoil the appetite of others. Don't smear food on a plate, don't roll bread balls, don't say you don't like “such nasty”, and don't tell “unappetizing” stories. You can't brush your hair, brush your nails and pick your teeth at the table. As in any society, it is indecent to whisper at the table. Try not to slurp, not sniff. No need to blow on soup, lick your fingers or gnaw bones. The appliance is only for food, so do not wave it around while telling anything.

They call to the table! No need to reach across the table for the dish. Don't be shy, ask your neighbor to tell you. Don't eat too fast, don't put a lot of food in your mouth at once, and don't speak with your mouth full. After finishing your soup, tilt the plate slightly away from you. (A little! You don't have to finish the last spoonful of soup). When the soup is finished, the spoon should be left on the plate (not on the tablecloth).

They call to the table! Lunch seems to be coming to an end. Blot your lips with a paper napkin, put the napkin from your knees on the table next to your place (without folding it). You can get up from the table. thanks for delicious treat! Boys! Do not forget to help the girls leave the table, move the chairs for them.

Question

Why does the body need nutrition?

The answer is indicated immediately after the question on the diagram.

Consider the pictures (pp. 51-52). We will read the signatures, We will compose a menu for 1-2 days so that the food contains enough proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

The pictures depict foods rich in protein, fat and carbohydrates.

Proteins - milk, cheese, fish, cottage cheese, Hercules porridge, eggs, cabbage, potatoes.

Fats - cream, butter, olives, chicken, sausages, meat.

Carbohydrates - cakes, sweets, fruit preserves and jams, grapes, baked goods.

Semolina porridge with milk

Hard boiled chicken egg

Butter, cheese

Cocoa with milk

Wheat bread

Herring with onions and vegetable oil

Leningrad pickle on poultry broth

Boiled poultry

Vegetable stew

Compote from a mixture of dried fruits

Fruit or vegetable juice

Fresh fruits and berries

Fresh tomato salad with vegetable oil

Stroganoff liver

Mashed potatoes

Tea with lemon

Wheat or rye-wheat bread

Fermented milk drink

Fritters with apples

Cottage cheese casserole with raisins and syrup

Coffee drink with milk

Butter, cheese

Wheat bread

Green salad with cucumbers with vegetable oil

Vegetable puree soup

Fish with boiled potatoes, baked in sour cream sauce

Fortified kissel

Wheat or rye-wheat bread

Pancakes with fruit filling

Fortified milk

Fresh fruits and berries

Natural minced meat cutlets

Loose buckwheat porridge

Tomato sauce

Tea with sugar

Wheat or rye-wheat bread

Fermented milk drink (fermented baked milk, yogurt)

Fruit and berry waffles.

Homework

Let's make an experiment

Topic: the composition of our food.

Purpose: to find out which foods contain fats.

We will need: pieces of food - lard, cottage cheese, apple, sausage, bread, butter, cheese, carrots, lump sugar.

Place the food pieces on paper napkins. An hour later, let's see which napkin has greasy spots.

Let's conclude: we will answer the question.

What foods contain fats.

An hour later, after the products were laid out on paper napkins, greasy stains remained on the napkins after the following products: lard, cottage cheese, sausages, butter, cheese. All of these foods contain a sufficient amount of fat, because made from raw materials of animal origin.

Look at the pictures and tell me what vitamins are contained in different products and why these products are good for humans.

Vitamin A - carrots, beets, turnips, eggplant, cheese, potatoes.

Vitamin B - bakery products, eggs, chicken meat.

Vitamin D - fish, fish oil, sunflower oil, butter.

Vitamin C - onions, garlic, lemon, cabbage, apples, pears, rose hips, sea buckthorn, plums.

All of the above vitamins are necessary for a person for good nutrition and the health of the body. Because a lack of vitamins leads to health problems.

Lack of vitamins leads to the following health problems:

Vitamin A - blurred vision, weakened immunity, poor sleep and appetite.

Vitamin B is a disorder of the cardiovascular and nervous systems.

Vitamin D - rickets disease, weakening of the skeletal system - osteoporosis.

Vitamin C - a disease called "scurvy", fragility of the walls of blood vessels, weakening of the immune system.

Question:

Which is more useful - eating a lot or a little? Let's compare the answer with the text.

The main rule healthy eating- you need to eat in moderation, and a variety of foods.

Homework

Write in a notebook the names of only those foods that contain sugar: soup, marmalade, marshmallow, meat, green vegetable salad, apples, fruit kefir, honey, jam, carbonated drinks, chocolate.

We will indicate the following products in the notebook:

marmalade, candy, apples, fruit kefir, honey, jam, carbonated drinks, chocolate.

Question

Is it possible to sit at the table wearing a headdress? And with dirty hands? And in work clothes? Can you lie back on a chair or lie down on a table? And what to do with bones or half-eaten bread? In which hand to take the fork, and in which to take the knife? What food should be cut and what should be broken?

It is indecent to sit at the table in a headdress and work clothes, hands, and if necessary, wash your face before eating, sit upright in a chair, possibly leaning on the back of a chair. You cannot lie down on the table with food. Bones and uneaten bread should be left on their plate. The fork must be held in the left hand, the knife in the right. You can cut meat, cutlet, break bread.

Review the pictures and describe which behaviors make you feel good and which ones are unpleasant.

What rules of conduct at the table do children violate?

Children depicted on the left side of the figures evoke pleasant feelings.

At the table, you cannot gesticulate (wave your hands), any food should lie on a plate, not on the table, it is not customary to take food from a common dish with your hands, for this they use a special spoon or fork.

"How Vasyatka had dinner ..."

“First, Vasyatka ate a bagel with compote. Then he walked around the house, ate an apple. I saw a sausage and ate it. I washed it down with milk. I ate a chocolate bar. Then he lay down on the sofa and thought: "I didn't eat soup, but ate! ..."

Do you think this lunch is good for you?

Such food will not be beneficial. For lunch, be sure to have the first course (soup, pickle, borsch, etc.), sausage can be eaten as a second course, but always with a side dish, a bagel with compote can be eaten for dessert after the first and second courses.

An apple or chocolate can be eaten at afternoon tea, and a glass of milk at night, for better sleep.

Exercise

Let's ask each other questions.

Why does our body need nutrition? What are the main substances in our food? What is the main rule of nutrition? What are the rules of conduct at the table?

With food, the necessary nutrients, vitamins, proteins, fats, carbohydrates enter our body, without them our body cannot exist. Proteins, fats, carbohydrates are precisely those compounds that fill our body with vitality and serve as a source of elements necessary for the functioning of it. The membranes and inner contents of our cells consist of them. We need them to maintain the body in a normal state.

Muscles, hair, nails, internal organs and many other components of the human body are made of proteins.

Fat - the most important nutrient is the main source of energy. By eating, they take part in metabolic processes... In addition, these substances perform very important functions:

Energy: create fatty deposits, which are the body's reserve energy reserve,

Heat insulating: protect the body from hypothermia,

Protective: they envelop the internal organs with a thin layer.

Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body.

Carbohydrates supply glucose (sugar) to the body for muscle function. Energy is generated by the breakdown of glucose into its constituent parts.

Carbohydrates provide the body with vitamins and minerals, they are building materials for special formations in the cells of our body - DNA and RNA, which are responsible for the similarity of children to their parents, such formations are called genetic material.

The main principle of nutrition is to eat in moderation, food intake, if possible, should be carried out at the same time, food should be varied.

Rules of conduct at the table

Nowadays, every educated person should know these rules of behavior at the table:

Never be in a hurry to be the first to take a seat at the table.

Help the girl to sit down at the table by pulling out the chair for her.

Sitting at the table, do not refuse food. The hostess may be offended by such disregard for her efforts. If you're not hungry, try a little bit of everything.

One should not go to the other extreme - to absorb everything indiscriminately, not paying attention to the neighbors.

If a dish with a treat that you want to try is far away from you, do not reach for it, but politely ask to be handed it to you.

Put food on a plate in small portions, without mixing everything into a shapeless mass.

Do not put a cloth napkin behind the collar or tie it around your neck. Unfold it and lay it on your knees before serving food. Do not wipe your mouth or cutlery with this napkin. Wipe your mouth and hands with paper towels. After eating, put a paper napkin on the plate and a cloth napkin next to the plate.

Try to be neat when eating. Eat slowly, don't talk with your mouth full. If you are asked about something, then before answering, first chew and swallow the food.

Learn to use cutlery correctly. Do not eat with a spoon what you can eat with a fork. Do not eat from a knife: it is not only ugly, but also dangerous - you can cut your mouth. Hold the knife in your right hand and the fork in your left. Do not transfer them from one hand to another until you have eaten all the treats.

If you drop a knife, fork or spoon, do not pick them up. In such a situation, you need to ask for another device and not try to explain your awkwardness by drawing attention to yourself.

At the table, do not comment on your neighbors. Finding in your plate an inedible object that accidentally fell into it, get rid of it imperceptibly.

Cut the meat into small pieces on a plate. Eat one bite and cut the next. Do not chop the entire portion: the meat will cool quickly, and the plate will look sloppy.

Try to eat quietly: do not blow on hot food, do not sip, do not sip, do not knock on cutlery.

From the common dish, take the piece closest to you, in no case choosing for yourself the piece that seems to you the best.

Poultry - duck, goose, chicken, turkey - take from the common plate with a fork and cut into small pieces.

Fish bones are removed with a fork or by hand.

Garnish - potatoes, pasta, vegetables - pick on a fork, helping with a knife.

Never lick your fingers; wipe them off with a paper towel.

Don't put the sauce on your plate with bread, no matter how tasty it is.

Do not spit the seeds from the berries in the compote on a saucer, but take a spoon out of your mouth and put them on a saucer.

After eating, put a dirty knife, fork, spoon only on your plate.

Sit straight at the table, do not lean on your chest and do not put your elbows on the table.

If you need to leave the table, ask the hostess for permission.

Don't leave a teaspoon in a cup of tea or coffee. After stirring the sugar, place the spoon on the saucer.

Observe the rules of conduct at the table, even when you are eating alone. This will help all of your skills to become permanent and beneficial habits for you.

In this case, it is understood that they do not sit at the table in a headdress, with unwashed hands, poorly tidied hair and dirty clothes.

State budgetary special (correctional) educational

institution of the Sverdlovsk region for students, pupils

with disabilities

"Verkhnepyshminskaya special (correctional) general education

boarding school named after S.A. Martirosyan "

CORRECTION COURSE LESSON

"SOCIAL AND HOUSEHOLD ORIENTATION"

ON THE TOPIC "RULES OF BEHAVIOR AT THE TABLE

DURING FOOD. CUTLERY RULES "

Verkhnyaya Pyshma

2011 r.

Public lesson

on the correctional course "Social orientation"

Form of conducting: group lesson.

Location: room orientation room (no. 207).

Participants: pupils of grade 2 a - children with profound visual impairments, studying in the braille system.

Program section: Culture of behavior.

Lesson topic: Rules of conduct at the table while eating.

Cutlery rules.

Lesson type: combined.

Forms of work: conversation with students, tactile examination of real cutlery, learning how to grip and hold spoons, forks and knives, guessing riddles, reading relief graphic images, playing, table setting.

Equipment : snack plates, cutlery - spoons (table and tea), forks, knives (real objects), relief images of the above cutlery, dining table, tea pairs, teaspoons, teapot, sugar bowl, sounding ball.

The purpose of the lesson: To give students an idea of how to use cutlery when eating.

Tasks to be implemented in the lesson:

Correctional educational:

update and enrich students' ideas about cutlery;

to teach and consolidate the ability of students to correctly place on the table and use cutlery during meals.

Correctional and developmental:

develop the ability of schoolchildren to navigate in microspace (on the plane of the table);

develop the ability of students to perceive relief-graphic images.

Correctional educational:

to instill in schoolchildren the desire to behave culturally at the table;

to bring up the desire of students to set the table beautifully and correctly.

Course of the lesson

1.Organizing time(5 minutes)

Schoolchildren and teacher greet each other. The students take their seats.

The teacher checks the attendance of the students.

2. Main part(35 minutes)

Acquaintance with the topic of the lesson and updating the knowledge of students.

We continue to talk about the rules of conduct in various situations. We talked about the rules of behavior in the museum, in the library, and today we will talk about the rules of behavior at the table during meals.

You have already covered this topic in the lessons "The World Around" and therefore today we will begin the lesson with those rules of behavior at the table during meals that you already know. Name each one 1 - 2 rules.

Examples of children's answers

You need to sit straight, but freely, leaning slightly on the back of a chair.

Only hands should be on the table, not elbows.

You should not get up and reach for anything yourself across the table. Better to ask the person sitting nearby to hand it over.

Eat and drink calmly, quietly, without grimacing.

Do not stuff your mouth with too large chunks.

You need to chew with your mouth closed.

It is ugly to talk with your mouth full and laugh while eating.

Do not drop food on the table, knees or floor.

Now find these rules in the poem:

The bear cub chewed bread -
I dropped bread crumbs.
Spoke with a full mouth -
What? Nobody could understand.
Then he took up the compote -
The table doused my belly too!
Everyone laughs over him loudly,
The teddy bear was frozen:
- You do not know? At the table
You have to eat with your mouth closed
Don't rush, don't speak
Do not litter crumbs on the floor.
After getting up from the table
In a clean fur coat, as it was

Do you try to follow these rules when you come to the school cafeteria? And at home?

Immersion in the topic of the lesson.

But these are not all the rules that you and I should know.

Today we'll talk about cutlery and the rules for using them.

What kind of cutlery do you know? (spoon, fork, knife, sticks, tongs, spatula)

Working with real cutlery and their relief images

Pick up a knife, fork, spoon. (real items)

Show me pictures of these devices.

Guessing riddles

I will ask you riddles, and you can guess what kind of cutlery they are.

A boat is floating on my plate.

I put the food boat in my mouth. ( Spoon)

At the sight of food

Do not count crows

Rush together

At both sides:

One cuts

Another clings

There is enough work for both of them ( Fork knife)

Conversation with students about cutlery

As you understand why we need a spoon (scoop up liquid and not very thick food), a fork (pick up solid food), and a knife (cut large pieces solid food into small ones)?

What do you need to eat with a spoon (soup, broth, porridge, jam), a fork (pasta, cutlets, omelet, fish), cut with a knife (meat, pancakes, sausage, cucumbers and tomatoes, cheese)?

What kind of cutlery do you have on your tables in the school cafeteria? (spoons forks)

Have any of you tried to eat with a knife?

Now let's talk about the very rules that you and I must follow when using cutlery.

The game "Danetka"

Let's get up from the desks, have a little rest and play the game "Danetka": we stand in a circle, who gets into the hands of the ball, he must answer my question with the words "yes" or "no". So let's start:

Do you bring a fork (or spoon) to your mouth, and not vice versa? (Yes)

When we carry a fork with food or a spoon to our mouth, can it be tilted or turned over? (No).

Don't be greedy and fill your spoon with soup to the brim? (but why? (you can spill, splatter the tablecloth or even one of the neighbors)

If a spoon or fork falls to the floor, do you need to pick it up immediately and continue to eat it? (no) What needs to be done? (take a clean appliance, and after eating, pick up the fallen one)

Do you hold the spoon in your left hand? (No)

Scoop up liquid food such as soup with a fork? (No).

Okay, you did it. Well done.

Working with real cutlery(continuation)

Sit in your seats and listen to important rules that must also be followed:

To correctly arrange and skillfully use serving items is, first of all, to use them only for their intended purpose (do not play, do not wave, do not knock them).

All the devices located to the right of the plate are taken and held while eating with the right hand, and all those on the left (forks) - with the left hand (serving without a knife and with a knife).

You have cutlery on your tables. Tell us which devices are on the left and which are on the right? Which of them will we hold while eating in our left, and which in our right hand? (knives and spoons - on the right, forks - on the left)

Take a spoon in your hands and show me how you hold it (I look at each child).

Who can explain how you need to hold it correctly?

If the children do not answer, then the teacher himself explains how to properly hold the spoon.

The tablespoon should be held between the thumb and forefinger of your right hand with the handle resting lightly on your middle finger. It is brought to the mouth not with a sharp end or sideways, but obliquely.

Now pick up a fork.

If you only use a fork (no knife), which hand should you hold it in? And if with a knife and a fork - which one?

Explain how to properly hold a fork and knife.

If the children do not answer, then the teacher explains himself how to hold the plug correctly.

The knife is held in the right hand, and the fork is held in the left, teeth down. When using only the fork, hold it in your right hand. The handles of the knife and fork should be held with the thumb, forefinger and middle fingers, while the ends of the handles should rest against the palm.

First, take the fork in your right hand, and then try to take it in the same way with your left. Take the knife with your right hand. Happened? Well done?

Consolidation of the acquired knowledge.

And at the end of our lesson, I want to ask you to help me set the table for breakfast. Will you help me?

To do this, each of you will bring a plate, spoon, fork and knife lying on your desks and put it on a large table as well. Do not forget that the instruments are on the side of the hand that will take them.

Students carry their plates and cutlery to the shared table

Which beautiful table we did it! Well done!

Conclusions.

Let's remember what we talked about in the lesson today? (about cutlery and the rules for their use)

What rules do you remember?

Grading for work in the classroom.

We did a good job with you today!

For your work in the lesson, I give you the following grades: ...

Our lesson is over. You can rest.

Rules of conduct at the table