Classification of grape wines in tables. What are the wines in color

10.05.2021

- This is a multifaceted drink and a mandatory element of the culture of any country. Knowing the types of wine is necessary in order to choose a high-quality and delicious drink.

In color wine

To understand how many colors are used in the classification of wines, it is necessary to understand that there are 2 main grapes: black and white.

Classification of wines in color includes 3 main names:

Red. Drink produce from dark grapes. It is capable of changing bright shades to dark, it depends on the grape variety. The precipitate is allowed.
White. Made from bright varieties. Rarely from the dark grapes, from which the skin is pre-removed having most of the coloring substances.
Pink. It is made of dark berries with which skin is removed, or from a mixture of varieties of dark and light grapes.

And bright and dark grape varieties consist of a bright pulp. Therefore, white drink can be made of both light fruits and non-dark or even scarlet. However, the red is made only from black, scarlet or blue berries.

There are the following types of red wine:

Merlot. Made from one of the most popular grape varieties. Such a drink is highlighted in a gentle and light aroma with a thin aftertaste. It will be necessary to taste novice, which still did not fully understand all the features of dry wines. This drink is easily suitable for any dishes.
Cabernet Sauvignon. Located among the most popular varieties; It is considered the favorite all drink. Often it is mixed with other types. It has a little tart taste with refreshing vanilla notes. It is suitable for dishes from dark meat, well suited to beef.
Sira, or Shiraz. These are 2 names of 1 variety of berries. Fruits give a deep scarlet tone drink. Wine has weak tartness, through which pleasant black currant notes make their way. It combines well with fried meat, especially with steaks.
Pinot Noir. It has a rich and extremely soft taste with a small tartness. Fruit notes dominate the aroma. It combines well with sushi, dishes cooked from salmon, poultry meat and lamb.
Malbeck. A rich variety dropped in the form of a changing taste, which depends on the place in which harvest was collected. In most cases, this is an air drink of a juicy dark tone. It is also mixed with the rest of the varieties. Perfect for meat, fua-gra.
Cahors The least exposure time of the True Cagra is 36 months. Koror has a juicy red and expressed memorable sweet taste. Served both dishes from meat and sweet snacks.

By type of raw material

To understand what wine happens, you need to know that the original drink is obtained in the event that the fermentation of the juice of grape fruits occurs, although it sometimes uses all sorts of fruits or other types of berries in the form of raw materials.

Classification of wines by types of raw materials:

grapes of different species grown for the manufacture of this drink;
fruit fruit trees: apple, pear, plum, peach and apricot;
ripe juicy berries of cherries, strawberries or blueberries, and sometimes watermelons are used as raw materials;
raisins;
other vegetable materials: tree juice of trees, flower petals juice.

Another essential criterion is the types of grapes used for the production of beverage. Classification by category:

varieties - the only berry variety is used;
bathing - a combination of several different varieties;
aromatized - wines varieties, in the composition of manufacture in the manufacture of infusions of all sorts of fragrant herbs, juices of fruits or other natural essences (especially enjoy the glory and bitter);
- made using a grape juice evaporation method; Among such drinks allocate Alicante and Frontilians.

On the content of sugar and alcohol

The amount of sugar is the second value of the indicator, with which it is possible to determine how the drink includes.

Wine classification includes 4 main types: dining rooms, fastened, flavored and sparkling. Dining rooms are sold much more often than the rest, but other types are widely popular with consumers.

Dining rooms are divided into:

dry;
semishers;
semi-sweet.

Fastened Wine varieties include:

strong - the amount of sugar is in the range from 30 to 120 g per l, the content of alcohol - from 17 to 20%;
sweet - total sugar - up to 150 g per l., Alcohol content - from 15 to 20% of volume;
half-armed - the amount of sugar - up to 120 g per l, the content of alcohol - from 15 to 17% of the volume;
desserts - contain sugar in the amount of 200 g per l, the content of alcohol - from 15 to 18% of the total;
liquor - the sugar content in wine is ranging from 210 to 300 g per l, the proportion of alcohol ranges from 12 to 16%.

On the content of wiccye and carbon dioxide

high level;
average level;
low level.

Separate types of wines and their classification form drinks containing carbon dioxide. They are separated according to the manufacturing technique:

sparkling - containing natural carbon dioxide, appearing in the fermentation of sugars; The process is carried out either with natural fermentation or when adding yeast;
sparkling - those that add carbon dioxide at the final stages of manufacture.

The viscosity and juiciness of taste depends on wine acid. As a result of the ripening of grapes, the amount of acid in the berry decreases, and the volume of sugars increases. The stronger the sun illuminates the fruit, and the higher the ambient temperature, the less acid is contained in grapes.

In quality and exposure time

The classification of wines for the exposure date consists of 3 groups: ordinary, collectible and vintage.

Ordinary. Made from a variety of grape varieties. They are maintained for several months in large barrels. In the finished form, the drink is poured into the bottles and ship for sale. Often, only 1 variety of berries is needed for the production of wine. Some believe that the ordinary appearance is not good enough, but it is not at all. When the drink is withstanding less than 12 months, it is counted for the young. When stored in barrels from 1 year, the drink is referred to as a weathered.
Vintage. Such types of wine range specifically high quality. They require specially intended for their manufacture of grape variety, which is grown in a singular place. Such beverages are highlighted by unique taste properties that do not change for a long time. Withstand them at least 2 years, and if the drink is characterized by a special fortress, then the excerpt is more than 3 years.
Collectible. Exposure time reaches several decades and even centuries. Given the opinion of some professionals, it can be concluded that the drink, weathered for more than 70 years, loses its taste. But other experts argue about the opposite.

The universe of wine is huge, because There are thousands of different species, but if desired, you can figure out which drink is suitable for a particular table.

In this article:

Grape wine is a unique product in which more than 350 chemical compounds are present, including almost all chemical elements of the periodic Mendeleev system.

Such an alcoholic drink can be prepared with the addition of alcohol, in this case it is called fastened or spitched. In this case, the alcohol, which is used by some manufacturers in winemaking, should be rectified (purified from impurities).

Wines are customary to classify on the basis of the technology of their preparation and indicators of the chemical composition, namely the content of sugar and alcohol in it. Other, equally important signs of the classification of wines can be distinguished: in color, by age and quality.

Features of the classification of wines in color

The color of wine is red, pink and white. The grape juice itself does not have a pronounced color, regardless of the grape variety. The color of the wine corresponds to the coloring substance that is present in the skin of the grapes.

White wine

White wine color Various from light straw and to dark amber shades. In the first case, it will be dry wines of a short period of exposure, and in the second - dessert and fastened alcoholic beverages. White wines are made of bright grape varieties, although in rare cases, the data of wine can be produced from red (black) vine varieties. For this, the berries are pre-cleaned from the skin, because it is the coloring pigments that are contained.

Pink wine

Pink Wines have the appropriate color (light and dark tones). With their manufacture, exclusively special grape varieties are used - Muscat Pink grapes (it is he gives specific pink). Produce pink wine in two ways. The first provides for the connection of white wine with a small amount of red. When choosing a second method, a chopped process of production of red varieties of wine should be followed. When grapes in the fermentation process will allocate pink juice, it should be squeezed and left at a temperature of 20 ºС.

Red wine

Red wines familiar to everyone without exception. Their color may have a saturated ruby \u200b\u200bor dark garnet. For their production, a specific grade of black grapes is used.

The secret of manufacturing technology is to use absolutely the entire berries - the skin and seeds of grapes, as well as the juice formed. The characteristic color of wine is formed due to the presence of a special pigment, which is contained under the skin of the berries.

Wine varieties at the end stage of alcohol fermentation

For a long time, people were not aware in the process of turning the sweet grape juice (wort) into the alcohol wine containing alcohol. Especially many surprised a variety of technology stages, when at first the wort begins to curly, then foam, highlighting the decent amount of carbon dioxide. Therefore, magical properties were attributed to the wine drink. According to one of the legends, the fruit juice becomes fading due to the settlement of a special spirit. In the course of the development of scientific activities, it was found that fermentation is carried out with the help of yeast (microorganisms), which multiply in favorable conditions and have the opportunity to turn wort to wine for several days.

At the completion stage of alcohol fermentation distinguish the following wines:

dry;
polushukha (semi-sweet);
fastened.

When making dry wines, sugar in the wort is completely fermented. In the drink it is absent, because fructose as a result of fermentation turned into alcohol. In semihow and semi-sweet wines, a small part of sugar, which is present initially in grape juice, after fermentation is preserved. To the features of the fastened wines, you can classify the addition of food alcohol in the wandering wort. As a result of such actions, the fermentation process terminates its activities, and in the wort there remains a certain amount of unbreakable sugar (according to the recipe).

Fasted wines are divided into strong (no more than 20 percent) dessert and liquor (no more than 17 revolutions and a large content of natural sweetness).

Wine classification in quality

The quality of wine distinguishes ordinary, vintage and collectible. The first variety of alcoholic beverage is realized without excerpt, while their implementation is possible not earlier than 3 months from the date of grape processing. Such wines have traditional taste and do not differ in special quality.

Vintage wines are made of the best grape varieties, which are grown in certain areas with a favorable climate. Special technology is installed for each brand of wine individually. Vintage wines have a certain period of exposure, for dry canteens of alcoholic beverages it is at least 1.5 years, and for strong and desserts - at least 2 years. Such wines have high taste qualities that do not lose their dignity from year to year. Collective wine drinks after the exposure time is completed according to the recipe, they additionally ripen at least 3 years.

It is important to note that the valuable drink can be prepared from one grape variety or several of its varieties (bulk). For example, popular strong wines ( portwine and Madera) Made from 15 grape varieties, the composition of which ultimately allows you to get a very high quality alcoholic drink.

It should be noted that healthy and high-quality cooked wine must have a fragrance, a bouquet, but not the smell. In the event of the last feature, it can be concluded that there is any disease in berries. The mold smell during the processing of grapes may occur as a result of the lesion of the mold of the vine or due to the uncleanness of the winery or tara.

Currently there are no reliable data on who and when for the first time produced wine. In this regard, there are many myths and legends. With such a valuable drink, humanity is already familiar with more than 5 millennia. Quite often, the wine had a direct impact on the development of civilization: because of him there were war, thanks to him created great works of art. According to historical data, at the beginning of the first millennium there were more than 80 varieties of wines that could boast the Greeks and Romans.

Archaeological excavations found an old vessel, which was made 5,000 years BC. At his bottom, scientists have discovered hardened wine residues. Thus, it can be concluded that the drink began to produce in times when agriculture just started to be born.

Civilization and winemaking developed at the same time. True winemaking masters were Egyptians - this is confirmed by numerous paintings that were buried in tombs. The figures showed the main stages of the care of the vine, harvesting and the immediate stages of wine production.

The evolution of winemaking is visible to the naked eye. To date, thousands of varieties of wines of various varieties and taste qualities are produced in many countries around the world. About 280 million hectoliters of wine comes annually. The main body that controls the wine industry is the international organization of grapes and wine (45 countries participate).

In antiquity, wine was considered a gift of gods and a symbol of vital energy. In the Christian religion, it is identified with human blood, actively used in a variety of religious ceremonies. An undoubted benefit of the valuable drink for the human body should be emphasized, provided that it is not abused by it. Today, wine is accompanied by all the significant events of a person: both joyful and sad.

in quality and place of origin

Classify wine needFirst of all, to help consumers navigate in a huge range of wine products from different countries, regions and manufacturers. And in the second - so that these manufacturers have understood and single rules of the game. The striking is the classification (as, for example, in France), the more difficult to follow the winemakers, but the greater value it has for the consumer, including in monetary terms. That's just to comprehend the debris of the classification itself requires separate efforts.

See also: What is the wine?
About legendary powder wine

To help you understand what is denoted by abbreviations and inscriptions on labels of different countries, we have reviewed the National Classification Systems:

On European bottles issued in the implementation since 2012 is used. However, the bottles received by turnover before this date will not be discerning.

Therefore, labels with the previous designations will still be found for the shelves, especially among French wines, where after 2012, apparently, will not refuse their system and will use both.

French classification

According to INAO (Institut National Des APPELLATIONS D "ORIGINE):

AOC. (Appellization D "Origine Contrôlée)

The highest category of the French classification. Wine, the geographical origin of which used grapes and manufacturing methods (vinification) are strictly determined by law for this appeal - a certain winery.

Instead of "D" ORIGINE "on the label, the name of the appeloretum can immediately be indicated, from which it comes to Wine, i.e. The very Origine (that in the translation" origin ")
For example: "Appellation Bordeaux Controlee".

The appellands in size are divided into: regional (the most extensive, partly coinciding with the main wine regions), subregional, communal and individual farms, not necessarily with Zamba.

The less appeal, the more stricter requirements for the varieties and production process, the predictable nature and taste of the content of the bottle - and the more expensive. Hence the glory of "Zhakov" wine - wines from a specific farm (Cru, Domane, Chateau).

VDQS. (Vin Délimité de Qualité Superieue)

Wines corresponding to the requirements of AOC, but not yet received this category and standing in line for the assignment of the highest category. Outside France practically do not meet.

VDP. (VIN DE PAYS)

The so-called "local" wines, i.e. Simply wines produced in France with an indication of the territory (locality of production), and these territories can be more than the largest attendance from the AOC category. The boundaries of assumptions in the production of these wines are also wide, like the boundaries of permissible areas of production.

VDT. (Vin de Table)

Italian classification

New European Wine Classification

The classification of European wines, the final introduction of which is provided since 2012, includes three categories of wines, instead of traditional four in France and Italy.

Wine without geographical indication (previously "table wine")
These wines can only have the name of the country of origin on the label from which they come. This category includes both burned wines from several countries of the European Union. Those. This is an indicator of the country of production, but not the country of origin of raw materials.

IGP. Indication Géographique Protégée) Wine with protected geographical indication - "Local wine".

AOP. (Appellization D "Origine Protégée) in Italy \u003d DOP. (DENOMINAZIONE D "ORIGINE PROTETTA) - instead of the former FR. AOC and IT. \\ Up. Doc. Wine with protected name by origin.

From Fratsus, the stage of VDQs is excluded, and the Italian DOC and DOCG and Spanish DO and DOC merge as part of a single category AOP (\u003d DOP in Italy).

On bottles, you can now meet the following notation. For example:

French wines

VIN DE FRANCE Category of table wines, actually replacing the former VIN de table, but allowing the grape variety and year of the harvest on the label.
IGP. (Indication Géographique Protégée.) Intermediate category, actually replacing the former VIN de Pays
AOP. (Appellization D "Origine Protegee) The highest category replacing the former AOC

The largest shuffles will occur in the VIN DE FRANCE category and among VDQS wines, which will be included either in the AOP category or declared to the IGP level. For wines, first included in the AOC category, the changes will be minimal and practically limited to the inscriptions on the label with AOC on AOP (the appellas themselves remain the same).

Important: Manufacturers who do not fit into AOP requirements will lose their status. However, for those who fulfill the requirements, AOC and AOP are allowed, since the latter category is not exceptionally wine and refers to a number of European products (such as cheese, for example).

German classification

The German wine classification provides for two quality categories: dining wines and quality wineswhich in turn are divided into subgroups.

Dining rooms:

German table wine (Deutscher TafeLwein)
Not less than 8.5% alcohol. Made from custom regions. Comply with environmental standards: without adding dyes, preservatives and flavoring additives. Make up no more than 5% of the total wine.
German Local Wines (Deutscher Landwein)
Another name is special dining rooms. The name of one of the 19 wine regions is called. It is made of more mature grapes than dining wines.

Qualitative:

Quality wines from certain regions
QBA (QUALITATSWEIN BESTIMMER ANBAUGEBIEE)
The most numerous category. QBA faults are manufactured in one of the 13 specific wine-making regions in accordance with local requirements. These wines undergo a mandatory laboratory check and professional tasting.
High-quality wines with honors
QMP (QUALITATSWEIN MIT PRADIKAT) The highest category of German wines.
Wine from one area of \u200b\u200ba particular wine-making region. The content of alcohol is higher than in the wines of the previous category. These wines also, like QBA, undergo a mandatory tasting, but must score more points. The minimum exposure time in bottles is 5 years. For some wines, mandatory minimum excerpt is up to 15-20 years.

Spanish classification

In Spain, there are five official wines quality steps:

The riook also operates the system for the separation of wine into categories, depending on the excerpt of the wine before the sale on sale:

Joven (Youth) - Wine without excerpt or not long-resistant in steel. The term is not necessarily indicated on the label.

Roble (Oak) or Semi-Crianza (half-resistant) - Wine, aged in Duba less than a year. This is an unofficial category, but it is sometimes mentioned on labels. Instead of ROBLE, Barricado can be written on the label, but this is also an unofficial term.

CRIANZA (weathered) is a minimum excerpt for 2 years, of which in the oak (regardless of the volume of barrels) 12 months.

Reserva (Reservation) is a minimum excerpt for 3 years, of which 12 months in Duba, 24 months in bottles.

Gran Reserva (Grand Reserve) is a minimum excerpt of 6 years, of which 2 years in Duba, the rest of the time - in bottles. But the ratio may be 3 years / 3 years old, and 5 years / 5 years, and any other in the specified framework depending on the desire of the manufacturer.

Classification on a wide range of wines will help classify on different features (wine material, method of preparation, sugar and alcohol, color). After reading this material, you will no longer be confused in the names occurring on bottled labels. Many wine species can be combined into several groups that are easy to remember.

Under the juice used, the wine is divided into grape, fruit, berry, vegetable, raisins and multi-sorted.

Grape - prepared only from grape juice, in the process of their production it is forbidden to use any other materials other than sugar and withstands in oak barrels
Fruit - made of pear or apple juice.
Berry - In the production process, garden and forest berries are used, the fruits of cherries, apricots, drains and peaches are used.
Vegetable - for their preparation use juice of trees (maple, birch), melons, watermelons, other garden plants (rhubarb, Pasternak) and rose petals.
Raisen - Raisins are used as wineteril
Multi-stress - get by mixing different grape varieties. Among multi-stress wines are highlighted bathing and sepped. Bathing - already ready-made wine materials are mixed (fermentation of different varieties occurs separately), sevente - joint processing of several grape varieties.

According to some experts, real wine can be prepared only from grapes, and drinks from berries, fruit juices or plants are not wine.

Red - in production technology used pre-crushed grapes of red varieties. With long exposure, these wines gradually lose dark color.

The red wines include such famous brands as "Bordeaux" (Classic Western France Wine France, "Cabernet Sovignon" (has a thick complex aroma, well suits the chicken and pasta), "Chianti" (famous Italian fragrant wine, ideal Combined with steaks and burgers), "Borrow" (variety of young light wine), "Merlot" (fragrant and thick drink to simple food) and "Pinot Noir" (thick tart wine that is fed to any dishes).

Classic red

White - in most cases are made from the juice of white grape varieties. If the red grape varieties are used, then the berries is pre-removed from the berries containing the coloring substances.

White wines include Sauvignon Blanc (has a herbal fragrance and served with fish), "Chardonne" (insisted in oak barrels, is perfect for light food), Shanon Blanc (has a spicy sweet taste, it is served to vegetables and chickens ), Gewuztraminer (invigorating drink supplied to sharp dishes and fish), "Riesling" (his taste resembles honey, combined with oriental dishes and veal), and sweat (sweet dense dessert wine).

White wine transparent

Pink - to obtain pink color, the skin of grapes are removed immediately after the start of the fermentation process. These wines are made from a mixture of red and white grape varieties, while the cooking technology is used.

Pleasant pink tint

Classification of wines on the content of sugar and alcohol implies their division to dining rooms, fastened and sparkling.

Table wines are dry (sugar to 0.3%, alcohol - 9-14%), semi-drying (sugar - 0.5-3%, alcohol - 9-12%) and semi-sweet (sugar - 3-8%, alcohol - 9-12%,).

Fastened wines are divided into the following types: Strong (sugar - 1-14%, alcohol - 17-20%), dessert semi-sweet (sugar - 5-12%, alcohol - 14-16%), sweet (sugar - 14-20% , alcohol - 15-17%), liqueur (sugar - 21-35%, alcohol - 12-17%), flavored (sugar - 6-16%, alcohol - 16-18%). Fortified wines include such varieties as "Madera", "Jerez" and "Portwine".

Sparkling wines - may have a different content of sugar and alcohol, in the process of secondary fermentation they are additionally saturated with carbon dioxide. The most famous sparkling wine in the world is champagne.

By the manufacturer's method, the following types of wines are distinguished: sweetened, dilution, alcohol, effervescent and natural.

Sweetened - sugar or honey are added to enhance the taste in them, these are desserts, liqueur and honey wines.
Diluted - fruit juice is diluted with water, it is petty, berry and grape semi-free.
Alcohol - contain pure wine alcohol, boosting the strength of the drink.
Swiming - carbon dioxide (cider and champagne) are added to the composition.
Natural - prepared from juice, the use of third-party substances is not allowed.

Separately, high-quality wines should be considered. They are made only to the ripening of the grapes of the year from special high-quality varieties characteristic of certain geographic regions. Depending on the exposure time, high-quality wines are divided into weathered, vintage and collectible.

We have been weathered - before spilling, they are necessarily maintained in stationary containers at least 6 months, starting from January 1 next year.
Vintage is high quality wines that are kept before spilling in a bottle of at least 1.5 years for table species, and at least 2 years for dessert and strong varieties.
Collectible - these wines after exposure in metal containers or oak barrels are poured into bottles and are additionally kept in the conditions of enotek (wine storages) at least three years.

It is generally accepted that Italy's wines are one of the main competitors of world famous French wines. For this reason, the Italian government has introduced laws that regulate local winemaking. As a basis, it was decided to take the French model of "names controlled by origin", thanks to which four Italian categories appeared: DOCG, DOC, IGT and VDT.

DOCG - what does it mean

DENOMINAZIONE DI ORIGINE CONTROLLATA E GARANTITA - Category of wines with name, controlled and guaranteed in its region of origin. Wines with the inscription DOCG on the label occupy the highest position among all Italian wines. But to get the right to use this label on the label, the company must first pass a number of government checks.

If you have a special brand with the word DOCG when buying wine, you can be sure that this wine has been flattened and approved, and the selection criteria (such as grapes, yield norms, geographical origin, and sometimes excerpt in oak barrels) It is much striking than for Wine Doc.

Doc - what does it mean

DENOMINAZIONE DI ORIGINE CONTROLLATA - WINE WITH THE NAME, which, like DOCG, is controlled and guaranteed to its region of origin. This category includes wines that make up most of all noble wines in Italy. Before receiving the inscriptions of DOC on the label and spill of the wine itself, there must be a number of inspections that meet strict requirements (territory of origin, grapes, alcohol content norms) in accordance with the law.

IGT - what does it mean

Indicazione Geografica Tipica - This category includes wines with their geographic location. They are monitored from the point of view of grape varieties, alcohol, yield and vinification used. Today IGT takes about 20% of the total wine production. Compared to other categories, this is the youngest, it appeared in 1992.

VDT - what does it mean

Vino Da Tavola is also called table wine that is not subject to control by origin. It is obtained by bathing wines from different regions of Italy. They do not fall under the limitations of Doc, and therefore their price is noticeably cheaper.

Popular brands of Italian wines

Chianti. - The most famous Italian wine. The vintage red dry wine from the Tuscany region has the highest standard - DOCG, and produce it almost all over the world. Chianti rightfully occupies an honorable first place among Italian wines. The aroma of forest berries, wild cherries and violets creates a special bouquet. The taste of wine is sour, tart. Kyanti wines are manufactured in accordance with the stringent standards and therefore are valued above the rest.
Wine Bardolino - This is a beverage of a light ruby \u200b\u200bshade. The acidity of wine Bardolino is above average, taste is velvety, bright, memorable, slightly creamy.
Barolo - Red wine from the Piedmont region marked with a DOCG quality mark. It makes it from the grapes of the Bethrothe variety. Fragrance Barolo Fruit with flowers notes, resins and dry herbs. The drink is rich, rich taste with a wide range of unusual shades: eucalyptus, mint, camphores, cerema, chocolate, silk, strawberry, tobacco, plum, and white truffle.
Chardonon It is considered a classic among dry wines. His flavor bouquet is very interesting. It feels the tones of pineapple and bread crust, the drink gives a slight citrus gamut.
Dolchetto - Great inexpensive wine from Piedmont. It is maintained on berries and herbs. Color ruby, taste nice fruit.
Frasati - The most famous vintage white dry wine, less often semi-sweet or sparkling. In the taste of dry Frascati, the shades of nut are noticeable, honey notes prevail in the sweet.
Tordzhiano Maybe both white and red. White Tordjano creamy taste with pineapple shades, white flowers, elderly. Red wine tasted tart, piquant with violet notes, cherries.

Types of Italian sparkling wines

These drinks are unique to taste, and their fragrance fascinates. Sparkling wines of Italy are at the peak of popularity anywhere in the globe. Development leaders for many years in a row are sparkling wines:

Proskko - ranks first places among the sparkling wines of Italy. It is made exclusively from white grapes. The aroma is saturated. The wine has a soft, dry taste, less often with small notes of sweets, with a shade of apples and pears.
Mondro - Low-alcohol sparkling wine with a sweet characteristic taste of nutmeg varieties, natural acidity and honey shades.
Asti - Refreshing, white sparkling wine, slightly sweet. It is full of bright flower-fruit flavors. In taste dominates completely overwhelming apricot and peach, sometimes a pear.
Franccourt - White sparkling. The bouquet is felt by the tones of fried nuts, caramels, butter, red fruits, green apples, citruses.

The sparkling wines of Italy are usually indicated by the SPUMANTE on the label, which means "foamy", or Frizzante - "sparkling", but less foamy than deshany.